Health and Safety at Work in Romania: A Guide for Employers

Every employer in Romania, regardless of size or sector, has a legal duty to protect the health and safety of their workers. The rules stem from national legislation aligned with EU directives, and they set out clear expectations for prevention, training and reporting. This guide provides a practical overview for employers who need to comply with Romanian occupational health and safety (OHS) requirements.

Legal Framework

The main legal act is Law 319/2006 on Safety and Health at Work, supplemented by Government Decision 1425/2006. Together they transpose the EU Framework Directive and establish general principles for risk prevention. Employers must also follow sector-specific norms issued by the Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity, which set technical standards for different industries.

Employer Responsibilities

As an employer, you are responsible for ensuring a safe and healthy working environment. This includes providing safe machinery and equipment, using safe substances, and implementing appropriate work procedures. You must also inform workers about risks and the measures in place to mitigate them, and consult with employees or their representatives on OHS matters. Employers with at least 50 workers must set up a health and safety committee or appoint a worker representative for safety.

Risk Assessment

Risk assessment is the cornerstone of OHS management. Every employer must identify hazards in the workplace, evaluate the risks to workers, and take preventive measures to eliminate or reduce them. The assessment must be documented and updated whenever there are changes in the workplace, processes, equipment or workforce. Special attention is required for vulnerable groups such as pregnant workers, young workers and workers with disabilities.

Training and Information

Workers must receive adequate OHS training before starting work and whenever their tasks change or new risks arise. Training must cover the specific hazards of the job, safe working practices, and emergency procedures. Employers must also provide written instructions and information sheets where necessary. Records of training should be kept for inspection purposes.

Workplace Accidents

If a workplace accident occurs, the employer has immediate duties: provide first aid, secure the scene, and report the event. Work accidents resulting in temporary incapacity of at least three days must be reported to the territorial labour inspectorate. Fatal or serious accidents must be reported immediately. An investigation must be carried out, and records kept. Failure to report accidents can lead to fines and liability.

Inspections and Penalties

The Labour Inspection (Inspectia Muncii) is the main body enforcing OHS rules. Inspectors may visit workplaces without prior notice, examine documents, and issue improvement notices or fines for non-compliance. Serious breaches can lead to suspension of activity. Employers should therefore maintain up-to-date risk assessments, training records and accident reports to demonstrate compliance.

Practical Tips

• Appoint a competent person or service for OHS if you do not have in-house expertise.
• Conduct regular workplace inspections and involve workers in identifying hazards.
• Keep all OHS documentation easily accessible and up to date.
• Stay informed about sector-specific regulations that may apply to your business.

Complying with health and safety law is not just a legal obligation; it also reduces absenteeism, boosts productivity and improves your company's reputation. By investing in prevention, you build a safer and more sustainable business in Romania.