A Beginner's Guide to Driving in Romania: Rules, Roads and What to Expect

Driving in Romania offers the freedom to explore everything from the winding Transfăgărășan to quiet village lanes. But before you set off, it helps to understand the rules of the road, the paperwork you need, and a few local habits that might surprise you. This guide covers the essentials for anyone planning to drive in Romania, whether you are a resident or a visitor.

Licence and documents

If you hold a valid driving licence from an EU or EEA country, you can use it in Romania without any additional paperwork. Drivers from outside the EU may need an International Driving Permit, depending on their country of origin. It is always wise to check with the Romanian Embassy or a local driving authority before you travel.

You must always carry your driving licence, vehicle registration certificate, and proof of insurance when driving. Romanian law requires third-party liability insurance, known as RCA, for all vehicles. If you are bringing your own car, make sure your insurance is valid in Romania or purchase a local policy.

Vignettes and tolls

All motor vehicles using Romania's national roads must have a road toll sticker, called a rovinietă. This applies to cars, motorcycles, and larger vehicles. The vignette can be bought online, at border crossings, post offices, and many petrol stations. It is available for different periods, from one day to one year. Driving without a valid rovinietă can lead to a fine, so it is best to sort this out before you hit the road.

Some bridges and tunnels, such as the one at Fetești over the Danube, require a separate toll. Payment is usually made at a booth or via electronic means.

Speed limits and alcohol rules

Romania has strict speed limits: 50 km/h in built-up areas, 90 km/h on open roads, 100 km/h on express roads, and 130 km/h on motorways. Speed cameras are common, and fines are issued by post if you are caught. There is zero tolerance for drink-driving; the legal blood alcohol limit is effectively 0.0 mg/ml. Even a small amount of alcohol can lead to a heavy fine and licence suspension, so it is safest not to drink at all if you plan to drive.

Winter tyres and seasonal rules

From November to March, winter tyres are mandatory when roads are covered with snow, ice, or slush. Even outside these months, it is wise to have them fitted if you travel to mountainous areas. Snow chains may be required on certain mountain passes in bad weather. Always check the forecast and road conditions before a winter journey.

Local driving culture

Driving in Romania can feel different from other European countries. Many drivers are confident and may overtake in places you might not expect. Using the horn is common, especially to warn others of your presence on narrow roads. On rural roads, expect to encounter horse-drawn carts, cyclists, and pedestrians, so keep your speed down and stay alert. In cities, drivers often double-park or pull over suddenly, so leave extra space between you and the car in front.

Headlights must be switched on at all times outside built-up areas, even during the day. In towns and cities, they are not required during daylight, but many drivers use them anyway for safety.

Parking in cities

Parking in Romanian cities is often controlled by local authorities. Look for blue lines on the road, which indicate paid parking zones. You can usually pay by text message, mobile app, or at a nearby ticket machine. Always display your ticket or payment confirmation clearly. In residential areas, parking is often restricted to residents with permits, so check signs carefully to avoid fines or wheel clamping.